FGF R1

FGFR1 uses three Ig-like domains and heparan sulfate to bind fibroblast growth factors at the cell surface. Ligand binding pulls two receptors together and positions the intracellular kinases for activation. Activated FGFR1 signals through adaptors like FRS2 to stimulate MAPK, PI3K-AKT, PLC gamma, and STAT routes, coordinating proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis. Cells manage the response with endocytosis, phosphatases, and negative regulators such as SPRY proteins. Selective binders that block ligand docking, tether FGFR1 in inactive dimers, or recruit degradation machinery help contain hyperactive signaling. These tools uncover which tumors depend on FGFR1 and guide precision therapies that balance efficacy with on-target metabolic effects.